One constraint to kill them all?

TL;DR

Recent lattice results suggest a small discrepancy in $B_s$-mixing, significantly constraining new physics models like $Z'$ and leptoquarks that aim to explain $B$-anomalies, with some bounds nearing LHC energies.

Contribution

The paper updates constraints on $Z'$ and leptoquark models using latest lattice and experimental data, revealing tighter bounds and potential tensions with collider limits.

Findings

Severe reduction of parameter space for $Z'$ and leptoquark models.

Upper bound on $Z'$ mass approaches LHC energy scales.

Identification of model building directions to mitigate tension with $B_s$-mixing.

Abstract

Many new physics models that explain the intriguing anomalies in the $b$-quark flavour sector are severely constrained by $B_s$-mixing, for which the Standard Model prediction and experiment agreed well until recently. The most recent FLAG average of lattice results for the non-perturbative matrix elements points, however, in the direction of a small discrepancy in this observable. Using up-to-date inputs from standard sources such as PDG, FLAG and one of the two leading CKM fitting groups to determine $\Delta M_s^{\rm SM}$, we find a severe reduction of the allowed parameter space of $Z'$ and leptoquark models explaining the $B$-anomalies. Remarkably, in the former case the upper bound on the $Z'$ mass approaches dangerously close to the energy scales already probed by the LHC. We finally identify some model building directions in order to alleviate the tension with $B_s$-mixing.