High Fidelity Single-qubit Gates of a Single Neutral Atom in the Magic-Intensity Optical Dipole Trap

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates high-fidelity single-qubit gates on a neutral atom trapped in a magic-intensity optical dipole trap, achieving errors below fault-tolerance thresholds, crucial for scalable quantum computing.

Contribution

The work introduces the use of a magic-intensity optical dipole trap to significantly improve single-qubit gate fidelity in neutral atoms.

Findings

Achieved average error per Clifford gate of 3.0(7)×10⁻⁵

Demonstrated gate fidelity below fault-tolerance threshold

Measured qubit coherence times relevant to gate performance

Abstract

We demonstrate high fidelity single-qubit gate operation in a trapped single neutral atom. The atom is trapped in the recently invented magic-intensity optical dipole trap (MI-ODT) with more stable magnetic field. The MI-ODT efficiently mitigates the detrimental effects of light shifts thus sufficiently improves the performance of single qubit-gates. The gates are driven with microwave, and the fidelity of gate operation is characterized by using the randomized benchmarking method. We obtain an average error per Clifford gate of $3.0(7)\times10^{-5}$ which is much below the error threshold ($10^{-4}$) for fault-tolerance. This error is found to be dominated by qubit dephasing, and the corresponding coherence time relevant to the Clifford gates is also measured experimentally. This work is an essential step toward the construction of a scalable quantum computer with neutral atoms trapped in an MI-ODT array.