Towards compact Free Electron Laser based on laser plasma accelerators

TL;DR

This paper explores the potential of developing compact Free Electron Lasers (FELs) powered by laser plasma accelerators, aiming to create more accessible, high-power X-ray sources for scientific research.

Contribution

It discusses strategies to adapt FEL technology to laser plasma accelerators, addressing challenges like energy spread and beam divergence to enable compact FEL development.

Findings

Laser plasma accelerators can produce high-energy electron beams suitable for FELs.

Mitigation strategies for energy spread and divergence are crucial for FEL integration.

Potential for more compact, cost-effective FELs in scientific applications.

Abstract

The laser invention more than fifty years ago was a major scientific revolution. Among the different possible gain media, the Free Electron Lasers (FEL) uses free electrons in the periodic permanent magnetic field of an undulator, covering wavelengths from far infrared to X-ray, with easy tuneability and high peak power. Nowadays, the advent of tuneable intense (mJ level) short pulse FELs with record peak power (GW level) in the X-ray domain sets a major step in laser development, and enables to explore new scientific areas, such as deciphering molecular reactions in real time, understanding functions of proteins. Besides, lasers have also been considered for driving plasma electron acceleration. A high-power femtosecond laser is focused into a gas target and resonantly drives a nonlinear plasma wave in which plasma electrons are trapped and accelerated with high energy gain of GeV/m. Nowadays, laser wakefield acceleration became reality and electron beams with multi-GeV energies, hundreds of pC charge, sub-percent energy spread and sub-milliradian divergence can be produced. It is relevant to consider a FEL application to quality these laser plasma produced electrons. After having described the FEL panorama, the strategies towards laser plasma based acceleration based FELs will be discussed, including the mitigation of the large energy spread and divergence of these beams should be mitigated.