Natural TTS Synthesis by Conditioning WaveNet on Mel Spectrogram Predictions

TL;DR

This paper introduces Tacotron 2, a neural speech synthesis system combining a sequence-to-sequence spectrogram predictor with a modified WaveNet vocoder, achieving high-quality natural speech comparable to professional recordings.

Contribution

It presents a novel end-to-end neural TTS system that simplifies WaveNet architecture by conditioning it on mel spectrograms, improving synthesis quality and efficiency.

Findings

Achieved MOS of 4.53, close to professional recordings.

Validated the effectiveness of mel spectrogram conditioning.

Demonstrated architecture simplification benefits.

Abstract

This paper describes Tacotron 2, a neural network architecture for speech synthesis directly from text. The system is composed of a recurrent sequence-to-sequence feature prediction network that maps character embeddings to mel-scale spectrograms, followed by a modified WaveNet model acting as a vocoder to synthesize timedomain waveforms from those spectrograms. Our model achieves a mean opinion score (MOS) of $4.53$ comparable to a MOS of $4.58$ for professionally recorded speech. To validate our design choices, we present ablation studies of key components of our system and evaluate the impact of using mel spectrograms as the input to WaveNet instead of linguistic, duration, and $F_0$ features. We further demonstrate that using a compact acoustic intermediate representation enables significant simplification of the WaveNet architecture.