TL;DR
This paper reviews the flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions, emphasizing hydrodynamic modeling, initial state geometry, and medium response, and discusses its extension to small systems.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive overview of the flow paradigm's core concepts and explores its applicability to small colliding systems.
Findings
Hydrodynamics successfully explains harmonic flow features.
Initial state geometry significantly influences medium response.
Extension of the flow paradigm to small systems is feasible.
Abstract
The success of hydrodynamics in high energy heavy-ion collisions leads to a flow paradigm, to understand the observed features of harmonic flow in terms of the medium collective expansion regarding initial state geometrical properties. In this review, we present some essential ingredients in the flow paradigm, including the hydrodynamic modeling, the characterization of initial state geometry and the medium response relations. The extension of the flow paradigm to small colliding systems is also discussed.
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