Testing Dark Matter Models with Radio Telescopes in light of Gravitational Wave Astronomy

TL;DR

This paper proposes using radio telescopes to detect gravitational waves from early Universe phase transitions related to Majoron Dark Matter models, linking particle physics with astrophysical observations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to test beyond Standard Model physics through radio astronomy by connecting phase transitions to gravitational wave signals.

Findings

First order phase transition at KeV scales produces detectable gravitational waves.

Radio telescopes like FAST, SKA, and IPTA can potentially observe these signals.

The study exemplifies this with the Majoron Dark Matter model linked to $U(1)_{L}$ or $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry.

Abstract

In this Letter we put forward a novel phenomenological paradigm in which particle physics beyond the Standard Model may be tested by radio astronomy if they are related to a first order phase transition in the early Universe. For this type of Dark Matter models, the first order phase transition takes place at KeV scales, and hence, induces the production of a stochastic gravitational wave background that can be detected from Pulsar timing measures. We demonstrate this hypothetical feasibility by studying a class of Majoron Dark Matter model, which is related to a first order phase transition of the $U(1)_{L}$ or $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry and is consequently dubbed as {\it violent Majoron}. This phenomenon are expected to be examined by the ongoing and forthcoming radio experiments, including FAST, SKA and IPTA.