J1342+0928 Supports the Timeline in the R_h=ct Cosmology

TL;DR

The paper argues that the discovery of quasar J1342+0928 supports the R_h=ct cosmology's timeline, resolving early structure formation issues faced by the standard LCDM model.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the R_h=ct universe naturally explains the early appearance of massive quasars without exotic physics, unlike the standard cosmological model.

Findings

In R_h=ct, a 10 solar-mass seed at z~15 can grow into the observed quasar by z=7.54.

The standard LCDM model struggles to explain the quasar's early formation without exotic assumptions.

The R_h=ct model aligns with observed quasar growth timelines using conventional accretion.

Abstract

The discovery of quasar J1342+0928 (z=7.54) reinforces the time compression problem associated with the premature formation of structure in LCDM. Adopting the Planck parameters, we see this quasar barely 690 Myr after the big bang, no more than several hundred Myr after the transition from Pop III to Pop II star formation. Yet conventional astrophysics would tell us that a 10 solar-mass seed, created by a Pop II/III supernova, should have taken at least 820 Myr to grow via Eddington-limited accretion. This failure by LCDM constitutes one of its most serious challenges, requiring exotic `fixes', such as anomalously high accretion rates, or the creation of enormously massive (~10^5 solar-mass) seeds, neither of which is ever seen in the local Universe, or anywhere else for that matter. Indeed, to emphasize this point, J1342+0928 is seen to be accreting at about the Eddington rate, negating any attempt at explaining its unusually high mass due to such exotic means. In this paper, we aim to demonstrate that the discovery of this quasar instead strongly confirms the cosmological timeline predicted by the R_h=ct universe. We assume conventional Eddington-limited accretion and the time versus redshift relation in this model to calculate when a seed needed to start growing as a function of its mass in order to reach the observed mass of J1342+0928 at z=7.54. Contrary to the tension created in the standard model by the appearance of this massive quasar so early in its history, we find that in the R_h=ct cosmology, a 10 solar-mass seed at z~15 (the start of the Epoch of Reionization at t~878 Myr) would have easily grown into an 8 x 10^8 solar-mass black hole at z=7.54 (t~1.65 Gyr) via conventional Eddington-limited accretion.