Neutrinos, DUNE and the world best bound on CPT invariance

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that neutrino oscillation experiments, especially DUNE, can significantly improve bounds on CPT invariance by testing the equality of neutrino and antineutrino parameters, thus probing fundamental physics.

Contribution

It provides the most updated CPT bounds from neutrino data and shows DUNE's potential to enhance these bounds and detect possible CPT violations.

Findings

DUNE can improve bounds on Δ(Δm^2_31) by at least an order of magnitude.

If T2K results are confirmed, DUNE could detect CPT violation at more than 3σ.

Combining neutrino and antineutrino data may produce imposter solutions if CPT is violated.

Abstract

CPT symmetry, the combination of Charge Conjugation, Parity and Time reversal, is a cornerstone of our model building strategy and therefore the repercussions of its potential violation will severely threaten the most extended tool we currently use to describe physics, i.e. local relativistic quantum fields. However, limits on its conservation from the Kaon system look indeed imposing. In this work we will show that neutrino oscillation experiments can improve this limit by several orders of magnitude and therefore are an ideal tool to explore the foundations of our approach to Nature. Strictly speaking testing CPT violation would require an explicit model for how CPT is broken and its effects on physics. Instead, what is presented in this paper is a test of one of the predictions of CPT conservation, i.e., the same mass and mixing parameters in neutrinos and antineutrinos. In order to do that we calculate the current CPT bound on all the neutrino mixing parameters and study the sensitivity of the DUNE experiment to such an observable. After deriving the most updated bound on CPT from neutrino oscillation data, we show that, if the recent T2K results turn out to be the true values of neutrino and antineutrino oscillations, DUNE would measure the fallout of CPT conservation at more than 3$\sigma$. Then, we study the sensitivity of the experiment to measure CPT invariance in general, finding that DUNE will be able to improve the current bounds on $\Delta(\Delta m^2_{31})$ by at least one order of magnitude. We also study the sensitivity to the other oscillation parameters. Finally we show that, if CPT is violated in nature, combining neutrino with antineutrino data in oscillation analysis will produce imposter solutions.