Quantum relaxation and metastability of lattice bosons with cavity-induced long-range interactions

TL;DR

This paper studies the quantum relaxation and metastability of lattice bosons with cavity-induced long-range interactions, revealing new phases like supersolidity and density waves, and exactly calculating phase diagrams and dynamics in one dimension.

Contribution

It provides an exact analysis of the ground state phase diagram and quantum relaxation dynamics of hard-core bosons with long-range interactions in one dimension.

Findings

Remanent density wave order persists after quenches into the superfluid phase.

Dynamically generated supersolid states emerge after strong quenches beyond metastability.

Exact calculations of phase diagrams and relaxation dynamics in the thermodynamic limit.

Abstract

The coupling of cold atoms to the radiation field within a high-finesse optical resonator, an optical cavity, induces long-range interactions which can compete with an underlying optical lattice. The interplay between short- and long-range interactions gives rise to new phases of matter including supersolidity (SS) and density waves (DW), and interesting quantum dynamics. Here it is shown that for hard-core bosons in one dimension the ground state phase diagram and the quantum relaxation after sudden quenches can be calculated exactly in the thermodynamic limit. Remanent DW order is observed for quenches from a DW ground state into the superfluid (SF) phase below a dynamical transition line. After sufficiently strong SF to DW quenches beyond a static metastability line DW order emerges on top of remanent SF order, giving rise to a dynamically generated supersolid state.