Quantum optics with near lifetime-limited quantum-dot transitions in a nanophotonic waveguide

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates near lifetime-limited linewidths for quantum dots in nanophotonic waveguides, enabling highly efficient, coherent photon-emitter interfaces crucial for quantum optics applications.

Contribution

It shows that quantum dots embedded in nanophotonic waveguides can achieve near lifetime-limited linewidths, with high photon extinction, advancing solid-state quantum photonics.

Findings

Achieved near lifetime-limited linewidths for quantum dots.

Demonstrated 66% photon extinction limited by coupling, not linewidth.

Outlined pathways for even higher extinction and deterministic interfaces.

Abstract

Establishing a highly efficient photon-emitter interface where the intrinsic linewidth broadening is limited solely by spontaneous emission is a key step in quantum optics. It opens a pathway to coherent light-matter interaction for, e.g., the generation of highly indistinguishable photons, few-photon optical nonlinearities, and photon-emitter quantum gates. However, residual broadening mechanisms are ubiquitous and need to be combated. For solid-state emitters charge and nuclear spin noise is of importance and the influence of photonic nanostructures on the broadening has not been clarified. We present near lifetime-limited linewidths for quantum dots embedded in nanophotonic waveguides through a resonant transmission experiment. It is found that the scattering of single photons from the quantum dot can be obtained with an extinction of $66 \pm 4 \%$, which is limited by the coupling of the quantum dot to the nanostructure rather than the linewidth broadening. This is obtained by embedding the quantum dot in an electrically-contacted nanophotonic membrane. A clear pathway to obtaining even larger single-photon extinction is laid out, i.e., the approach enables a fully deterministic and coherent photon-emitter interface in the solid state that is operated at optical frequencies.