A continuously tunable acoustic metasurface for transmitted wavefront manipulation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel, continuously tunable acoustic metasurface using a screw-and-nut mechanism with helical cylinders, enabling dynamic wavefront shaping and focusing across a broad frequency range.

Contribution

It presents a new design of a tunable acoustic metasurface with screw-based adjustable phase control, validated by modeling, simulation, and experiments.

Findings

The metasurface achieves continuous phase tuning at independent pixels.

The design enables arbitrary wavefront shaping and focusing.

Experimental results agree with models and simulations.

Abstract

Previously reported acoustic metasurfaces that consist of fixed channels, are untunable to meet the broadband requirement and alterable functionalities. To overcome this limitation, we propose screw-and-nut mechanism of tunability and design a type of continuously tunable acoustic metasurface with unit components of helical cylinders which are screwed into a plate. The spiral channel length can be tuned continuously by the screwed depth; and then a metasurface with continuously tunable acoustic phase at independent pixels is attained. Different distributions of the unit components can shape an arbitrary metasurface profile. We also developed an approximate equivalent medium model to predict the tunability of the unit component. As an example, we present the design details of a circular tunable metasurface for three-dimensional acoustic focusing of different airborne sound sources in a wide frequency region. A sample of the metasurface is manufactured by poly lactic acid (PLA) plastic with the helical cylinders being 3D-printed. Experiments of sound focusing are performed. It is shown that the results of the equivalent medium model, the finite element simulation and the experiments are in a good agreement.