Radiative transfer in scattering stochastic atmospheres

TL;DR

This paper investigates how stochastic fluctuations in parameters like density and temperature affect radiative transfer in non-magnetized atmospheres, aiming to improve theoretical models' alignment with observations.

Contribution

It introduces a model incorporating stochastic variations into radiative transfer equations, which is a novel approach compared to traditional deterministic models.

Findings

Fluctuations significantly alter radiative transfer characteristics.

Inclusion of stochastic effects improves data-model agreement.

Gaussian distribution of fluctuations is a key assumption.

Abstract

Many stars, active galactic nuclei, accretion discs etc. are affected by the stochastic variations of temperature, turbulent gas motions, magnetic fields, number densities of atoms and dust grains. These stochastic variations influence on the extinction factors, Doppler widths of lines and so on. The presence of many reasons for fluctuations gives rise to Gaussian distribution of fluctuations. The usual models leave out of account the fluctuations. In many cases the consideration of fluctuations improves the coincidence of theoretical values with the observed data. The objective of this paper is the investigation of the influence of the number density fluctuations on the form of radiative transfer equations. We consider non-magnetized atmosphere in continuum.