Local probes strongly favor $\Lambda$CDM against power-law and $R_h=ct$ universe

TL;DR

This study uses local cosmological probes to compare $b5$CDM, Power-law, and $R_h=ct$ models, finding strong support for $b5$CDM over alternatives, especially with combined datasets.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive comparison of three cosmological models using local observational data, highlighting the strong preference for $b5$CDM.

Findings

$b5$CDM is favored over Power-law and $R_h=ct$ models with combined data.

$R_h=ct$ model is strongly disfavored by local probes.

Only $b5$CDM is consistent with cosmography constraints.

Abstract

We constrain three cosmological models, i.e. the concordance cold dark matter plus a cosmological constant ($\Lambda$CDM) model, Power-law (PL) model, and $R_h=ct$ model using the available local probes, which includes the JLA compilation of type-Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the direct measurement of Hubble constant (H(z)), and the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). For $\Lambda$CDM model, we consider two different cases, i.e. zero and non-zero spatial curvature. We find that by using the JLA alone, it is indistinguishable between $\Lambda$CDM and PL models, but the $R_h=ct$ model is strongly disfavored. If we combine JLA+H(z), the $\Lambda$CDM model is strongly favored against the other two models. The combination of all the three datasets also supports $\Lambda$CDM as the best model. We also use the low-redshift ($z<0.2$) data to constrain the deceleration parameter using cosmography method, and find that only the $\Lambda$CDM model is consistent with cosmography. However, there is no strong evidence to distinguish between flat and non-flat $\Lambda$CDM models by using the local data alone.