Real-Time Bi-directional Electric Vehicle Charging Control with Distribution Grid Implementation

TL;DR

This paper presents a decentralized real-time control algorithm for bi-directional EV charging that improves power grid stability by reducing peak load, voltage drops, and transmission line currents based on real-world data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel decentralized control algorithm for bi-directional EV charging and demonstrates its effectiveness through real-world data simulations.

Findings

30% peak load shaving achieved

Over 2% voltage drop reduction

40% decrease in transmission line current

Abstract

As electric vehicle (EV) adoption is growing year after year, there is no doubt that EVs will occupy a significant portion of transporting vehicle in the near future. Although EVs have benefits for environment, large amount of un-coordinated EV charging will affect the power grid and degrade power quality. To alleviate negative effects of EV charging load and turn them to opportunities, a decentralized real-time control algorithm is developed in this paper to provide optimal scheduling of EV bi-directional charging. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, numerical simulation is performed based on real-world EV user data, and power flow analysis is carried out to show how the proposed algorithm improve power grid steady state operation. . The results show that the implementation of proposed algorithm can effectively coordinate bi-directional charging by 30% peak load shaving, more than 2% of voltage drop reduction, and 40% transmission line current decrease.