Jet formation in the interaction of localized waves on the free surface of dielectric liquid in a tangential electric field

TL;DR

This paper investigates the nonlinear behavior of free surface waves in a dielectric liquid under a strong horizontal electric field, revealing jet formation in shallow water through numerical simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a numerical approach using conformal transformation to study wave interactions and jet formation in dielectric liquids under electric fields.

Findings

Solitary waves propagate without distortion along or against the electric field.

Wave interactions increase amplitude and interaction duration.

Jet formation occurs in shallow water conditions.

Abstract

Nonlinear dynamics of the free surface of finite depth non-conducting fluid with high dielectric constant subjected to a strong horizontal electric field is considered. Using the conformal transformation of the region occupied by the fluid into a strip, the process of counter-propagating waves interaction is numerically simulated. The nonlinear solitary waves on the surface can separately propagate along or against the direction of electric field without distortion. At the same time, the shape of the oppositely traveling waves can be distorted as the result of their interaction. In the problem under study, the nonlinearity leads to increasing the waves amplitudes and the duration of their interaction. This effect is inversely proportional to the fluid depth. In the shallow water limit, the tendency to the formation of a vertical liquid jet is observed.