Spin-Orbit Coupling and Magnetic Anisotropy in Iron-Based Superconductors

TL;DR

This paper theoretically investigates how spin-orbit coupling influences magnetic excitations in iron-based superconductors, revealing universal anisotropic behaviors linked to bandstructure nesting, with implications for other itinerant systems.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed microscopic model including realistic multi-orbital interactions and explains the universal magnetic anisotropy observed across different iron-based superconductors.

Findings

Magnetic anisotropy varies remarkably despite constant spin-orbit coupling.

Universal behavior of magnetic anisotropy is observed across different materials.

Optimal nesting explains the universality as a resonance phenomenon.

Abstract

We determine theoretically the effect of spin-orbit coupling on the magnetic excitation spectrum of itinerant multi-orbital systems, with specific application to iron-based superconductors. Our microscopic model includes a realistic ten-band kinetic Hamiltonian, atomic spin-orbit coupling, and multi-orbital Hubbard interactions. Our results highlight the remarkable variability of the resulting magnetic anisotropy despite constant spin-orbit coupling. At the same time, the magnetic anisotropy exhibits robust universal behavior upon changes in the bandstructure corresponding to different materials of iron-based superconductors. A natural explanation of the observed universality emerges when considering optimal nesting as a resonance phenomenon. Our theory is also of relevance to other itinerant system with spin-orbit coupling and nesting tendencies in the bandstructure.