Anomalous effects of dense matter under rotation

TL;DR

This paper investigates how rotation affects dense baryonic matter, revealing anomalous effects like the chiral vortical effect, and predicts a new ground state called the chiral soliton lattice in rotating QCD.

Contribution

It derives anomalous terms in effective theory for light modes, showing how rotation induces novel physical phenomena and a new ground state in dense QCD matter.

Findings

Identification of anomalous Hall energy current

Spontaneous magnetization due to rotation

Ground state as chiral soliton lattice in fast rotation

Abstract

We study the anomaly induced effects of dense baryonic matter under rotation. We derive the anomalous terms that account for the chiral vortical effect in the low-energy effective theory for light Nambu-Goldstone modes. The anomalous terms lead to new physical consequences, such as the anomalous Hall energy current and spontaneous generation of angular momentum in a magnetic field (or spontaneous magnetization by rotation). In particular, we show that, due to the presence of such anomalous terms, the ground state of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) under sufficiently fast rotation becomes the "chiral soliton lattice" of neutral pions that has lower energy than the QCD vacuum and nuclear matter. We briefly discuss the possible realization of the chiral soliton lattice induced by a fast rotation in noncentral heavy ion collisions.