An Alternative Method for Solving Two Problems of the Standard Model

TL;DR

This paper proposes an alternative approach to two issues in the Standard Model, addressing gauge interaction problems and electromagnetic field representation, and offers a new perspective on the Higgs mechanism without non-gauge interactions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel model that resolves gauge interaction issues and redefines the Higgs mechanism using multi-particle gauge fields, avoiding non-gauge 'phi-four' interactions.

Findings

Identifies $U(1)$ phase uncertainty leading to an additional local $U(1)$ symmetry.

Shows different electromagnetic interactions for leptons and quarks due to generator actions.

Provides a gauge-invariant description of spontaneous symmetry breaking via multi-particle gauge fields.

Abstract

Two problems of the Standard Model, associated with the introduction of non-gauge interactions and with the introduction of an electromagnetic field as a linear combination of fields on which various gauge groups are implemented, are analyzed. It is noticed that the existing model contains $U\left( 1 \right)-$ phase uncertainty of the matrix elements of the raising and lowering generators of the $SU\left( 2 \right)$ group. This uncertainty creates the condition for the additional local $U\left( 1 \right)-$ symmetry of the Standard Model Lagrangian with respect to the choice of various equivalent generator representations of the $SU\left( 2 \right)$ group, which is provided by the electromagnetic field. In this case, due to the different action of the raising and lowering generators on the fields of each generation of leptons and quarks, these fields interact with the electromagnetic field in different ways. It is also shown that considering the multi-particle gauge field a description of the Higgs mechanism can be obtained, free from the shortcomings of the well-known single-particle description, the main of which is the introduction of the non-gauge "phi-four" interaction, that is not reduced to the fundamental one. In the proposed model, the spontaneous symmetry breaking is achieved due to the same fundamental interaction, the mediating particle mass of which it provides.