Interplay of charge and spin dynamics after an interaction quench in the Hubbard model

TL;DR

This paper studies the real-time charge and spin dynamics in the half-filled Hubbard model after a sudden increase in interaction strength, revealing a dynamical crossover in spin-exchange behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a variational approach combining Gutzwiller and Schrieffer-Wolff transformations to analyze post-quench dynamics, identifying a crossover instead of a transition.

Findings

Dynamical transition at critical interaction strength  linked to Mott transition

Pronounced dynamical anomaly at larger * with singular double occupancy behavior

Spectral analysis indicates a crossover in spin-exchange dynamics

Abstract

We investigate the unitary dynamics following a sudden increase $\Delta U>0$ of repulsion in the paramagnetic sector of the half-filled Hubbard model on a Bethe lattice, by means of a variational approach that combines a Gutzwiller wavefunction with a partial Schrieffer-Wolff transformation, both defined through time-dependent variational parameters. Besides recovering at $\Delta U_c$ the known dynamical transition linked to the equilibrium Mott transition, we find pronounced dynamical anomaly at larger $\Delta U_*>\Delta U_c$ manifested in a singular behaviour of the long-time average of double occupancy. Although the real-time dynamics of the variational parameters at $\Delta U_*$ strongly resembles the one at $\Delta U_c$, careful frequency spectrum analysis suggests a dynamical crossover, instead of a dynamical transition, separating regions of a different behaviour of the spin-exchange.