The fast signal diffusion limit in a chemotaxis system with strong signal sensitivity

TL;DR

This paper investigates the convergence of solutions from a parabolic-parabolic chemotaxis system to its parabolic-elliptic counterpart as a parameter approaches zero, providing insights into the relationship between these models with strong signal sensitivity.

Contribution

It establishes the first rigorous analysis of the limit process from parabolic-parabolic to parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis systems with strong signal sensitivity.

Findings

Solutions of the parabolic-parabolic system converge to the parabolic-elliptic system as the parameter tends to zero.

The study extends understanding of the connection between different chemotaxis models.

Provides a mathematical foundation for approximating parabolic-elliptic systems via parabolic-parabolic systems.

Abstract

This paper gives a first insight into making a mathematical bridge between the parabolic-parabolic signal-dependent chemotaxis system and its parabolic-elliptic version. To be more precise, this paper deals with convergence of a solution for the parabolic-parabolic chemotaxis system with strong signal sensitivity $$ (u_\lambda)_t = \Delta u_\lambda - \nabla \cdot (u_\lambda \chi(v_\lambda)\nabla u_\lambda), \quad \lambda (v_\lambda)_t = \Delta v_\lambda - v_\lambda +u_\lambda \quad \mbox{in} \ \Omega\times (0,\infty) $$ to that for the parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis system $$ u_t = \Delta u -\nabla \cdot (u\chi(v)\nabla v), \quad 0= \Delta v -v +u \quad \mbox{in} \ \Omega\times (0,\infty), $$ where $\Omega$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$ ($n\in\mathbb{N}$) with smooth boundary, $\lambda>0$ is a constant and $\chi$ is a function generalizing $$ \chi(v) = \frac{\chi_0}{(1+v)^k} \quad (\chi_0>0,\ k>1).$$ In chemotaxis systems parabolic-elliptic systems often provided some guide to methods and results for parabolic-parabolic systems. However, the relation between parabolic-elliptic systems and parabolic-parabolic systems has not been studied. Namely, it still remains to analyze on the following question: Does a solution of the parabolic-parabolic system converge to that of the parabolic-elliptic system as $\lambda \searrow 0$? This paper gives some positive answer in the chemotaxis system with strong signal sensitivity.