Superradiant Mott Transition

TL;DR

This paper investigates a superradiant Mott transition in quantum gases within a cavity, revealing a liquid-gas like transition between superfluids characterized by a critical kink and scaling law, with predictions testable experimentally.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of a liquid-gas like transition between superfluids in a superradiant cavity, highlighting a critical kink and scaling behavior in the cavity response.

Findings

Kink in cavity strength indicates a liquid-gas like transition.

Divergent slopes at critical points follow a linear scaling law.

Predictions are experimentally testable with current setups.

Abstract

The combination of strong correlation and emergent lattice can be achieved when quantum gases are confined in a superradiant Fabry-Perot cavity. In addition to the discoveries of exotic phases, such as density wave ordered Mott insulator and superfluid, a surprising kink structure is found in the slope of the cavity strength as a function of the pumping strength. In this Letter, we show that the appearance of such a kink is a manifestation of a liquid-gas like transition between two superfluids with different densities. The slopes in the immediate neighborhood of the kink become divergent at the liquid-gas critical points and display a critical scaling law with a critical exponent 1 in the quantum critical region. Our predictions could be tested in current experimental set-up.