Radiation dominated implosion with nano-plasmonics

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel approach using nano-plasmonics to enhance inertial confinement fusion by enabling rapid, stable ignition with minimal hydrodynamical instabilities, potentially advancing clean energy technology.

Contribution

It introduces a new method combining relativistic fluid dynamics and plasmonic nano-shells to achieve efficient, stable fusion ignition with moderate compression and short laser pulses.

Findings

Nano-shells increase target absorptivity by 1-2 orders of magnitude.

Rapid volume ignition prevents hydrodynamical instabilities.

Achieves higher ignition temperatures with modest compression.

Abstract

Inertial Confinement Fusion is a promising option to provide massive, clean, and affordable energy for mankind in the future. The present status of research and development is hindered by hydrodynamical instabilities occurring at the intense compression of the target fuel by energetic laser beams. A recent patent combines advances in two fields: detonations in relativistic fluid dynamics and radiative energy deposition by plasmonic nano-shells. The compression of the target pellet can be moderate and rapid volume ignition is achieved by a laser pulse, which is as short as the penetration time of the light across the pellet. The reflectivity of the target can be made negligible, and the absorptivity can be increased by one or two orders of magnitude by plasmonic nano-shells embedded in the target fuel. Thus, higher ignition temperature can be achieved with modest compression. The short light pulse can heat the target so that most of the interior will reach the ignition temperature simultaneously. This makes the development of any kind of instability impossible, which would prevent complete ignition of the target.