Large density stratification stabilizes Rayleigh-Taylor instability in presence of shear

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that large density stratification can stabilize Rayleigh-Taylor instability even in the presence of shear, revealing a new shear instability mechanism that dominates over Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.

Contribution

It uncovers a novel shear instability influenced by density stratification, challenging previous assumptions about shear effects on RTI.

Findings

Long waves are stabilized at high Atwood numbers with shear.

A new shear instability grows faster with Atwood number.

Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is less significant than the new instability.

Abstract

This letter investigates the effect of shear on Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI). Even simple uniform shear strongly influences the instability; longer waves are completely stabilized when density stratification is large (higher Atwood numbers). This apparently counter-intuitive result is due to the presence of Atwood number in the shear term. When the unstable density interface is embedded in a shear layer, shear is again found to stabilize the RTI. However, this configuration introduces additional unstable shear instability modes in the lower wavenumber regime. A new type of shear instability, whose growth rate increases with Atwood number, plays a dominant role, while Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI), which was previously understood to be the only possible shear instability in this context, has little significance. Hence the billows observed in the nonlinear stages of RTI, which are usually attributed to KHI, may actually be the nonlinear manifestation of this new instability.