Space-time $L^2$ estimates, regularity and almost global existence for elastic waves

TL;DR

This paper develops refined space-time $L^2$ estimates for elastic wave equations, leading to improved almost global existence results with minimal initial data regularity, especially in radially symmetric cases.

Contribution

The paper introduces a new weighted space-time $L^2$ estimate for perturbed elastic waves, enhancing previous results and reducing initial data regularity requirements for almost global solutions.

Findings

Refined weighted space-time $L^2$ estimates for elastic waves.

Almost global existence with minimal Sobolev regularity.

Existence of low regularity solutions in radially symmetric cases.

Abstract

In this paper, we first establish a kind of weighted space-time $L^2$ estimate, which belongs to Keel-Smith-Sogge type estimates, for perturbed linear elastic wave equations. This estimate refines the corresponding one established by the second author [J. Differential Equations 263(2017), 1947--1965] and is proved by combining the methods in the former paper, the first author, Wang and Yokoyama's paper [Adv. Differential Equations 17 (2012), 267--306], and some new ingredients. Then together with some weighted Sobolev inequalities, this estimate is used to show a refined version of almost global existence of classical solutions for nonlinear elastic waves with small initial data. Compared with former almost global existence results for nonlinear elastic waves due to John [Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 41 (1988) 615--666], Klaierman-Sideris [Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 49 (1996) 307--321], the main innovation of our one is that it considerably improves the amount of regularity of initial data, i.e., the Sobolev regularity of initial data is assumed to be the smallest among all the admissible Sobolev spaces of integer order in the standard local existence theory. Finally, in the radially symmetric case, we establish the almost global existence of a low regularity solution for every small initial data in $H^3\times H^2$.