Magnetometry using fluorescence of sodium vapor

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a sodium vapor-based magnetometer using fluorescence variations induced by a laser, achieving high sensitivity and advancing remote magnetic field detection techniques.

Contribution

It introduces a sodium vapor magnetometer utilizing a single amplitude-modulated laser, achieving high sensitivity and paving the way for remote mesospheric magnetometry.

Findings

Magnetic field sensitivity of 150 pT/Hz^{1/2} at D1 line.

Effective fluorescence-based magnetic field measurement.

Potential for sensitive remote magnetometry with sodium vapor.

Abstract

Magnetic resonance of sodium fluorescence is studied with varying laser intensity, duty cycle, and field strength. A magnetometer based on sodium vapor cell filled with He buffer gas is demonstrated, which uses a single amplitude-modulated laser beam. With a 589 nm laser tuned at D1 or D2 line, the magnetic field is inferred from the variation of fluorescence. A magnetic field sensitivity of 150 pT per Hz square root is achieved at D1 line. The work is a step towards sensitive remote magnetometry with mesospheric sodium.