TL;DR
This paper explores the roles of gauge and global symmetries across various physics domains, emphasizing that global symmetries are often approximate and gauge symmetries can emerge in complex systems.
Contribution
It provides a modern perspective on the nature of symmetries, highlighting their approximate and emergent properties in different physical contexts.
Findings
Global symmetries are typically approximate in physical systems.
Gauge symmetries can emerge dynamically rather than being fundamental.
The discussion spans particle physics, condensed matter, and quantum gravity.
Abstract
I discuss gauge and global symmetries in particle physics, condensed matter physics, and quantum gravity. In a modern understanding, global symmetries are approximate and gauge symmetries may be emergent. (Based on a lecture at the April, 2016 meeting of the American Physical Society in Salt Lake City, Utah.)
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