Optimal Design of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids

TL;DR

This paper proposes an optimal planning model for hybrid AC/DC microgrids that minimizes total costs and demonstrates economic benefits through numerical simulations, highlighting advantages over traditional AC or DC systems.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive planning model for hybrid AC/DC microgrids, optimizing DER mix, feeder types, and connection points to enhance economic viability.

Findings

Numerical simulations show cost reductions with the hybrid microgrid design.

Optimal DER and connection strategies improve microgrid efficiency.

Hybrid microgrids outperform traditional AC or DC systems in economic assessments.

Abstract

DC loads (such as computers, data centres, electric vehicle chargers, and LED lamps) and dc distributed energy resources (such as fuel cells, solar photovoltaics, and energy storages) are rapidly growing in electric power systems, so dc systems are being introduced as emerging practical investment solutions compared to traditional ac options. DC microgrids offer several advantages such as the elimination of need for synchronizing generators and easier supply of dc loads. Hybrid microgrids can benefit from the advantages of both ac and dc microgrid types. Moreover, there would be a huge reduction in the number of required power converters which would enhance the microgrid efficiency and reduce investment and operation costs. This paper introduces hybrid ac/dc microgrid as a viable solution compared to individual ac or dc microgrids and focuses on its planning. The objective of the hybrid microgrid planning is to minimize the microgrid total cost, including investment cost of distributed energy resources (DERs) and converters, operation cost of DERs, the cost of energy exchange with the utility grid, and the cost of unserved energy during the planning horizon. The economic viability of the microgrid planning is investigated in this paper and it is shown how the optimal DER generation mix, the type of feeders, as well as the point of connection of DERs to feeders can be determined by updating the traditional ac microgrid planning model. Numerical simulations on a test microgrid exhibit the merits of the proposed model.