Quantum simulation of general semi-classical Rabi model beyond strong driving regime

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a superconducting qubit-based quantum simulation of the semi-classical Rabi model, enabling exploration of ultra-strong light-matter interactions beyond traditional experimental limits.

Contribution

It introduces a novel scheme to simulate the semi-classical Rabi model in the ultra-strong driving regime using superconducting qubits, extending the experimental reach.

Findings

Successfully simulated dynamics beyond weak driving limit

Observed deviation from sinusoidal Rabi oscillations at high driving strength

Validated the model's predictions in the ultra-strong interaction regime

Abstract

We propose a scheme to simulate the interaction between a two-level system and a classical light field. Under the transversal driving of two microwave tones, the system Hamiltonian is identical to that of the general semi-classical Rabi model. We experimentally realize this Hamiltonian with a superconducting transmon qubit. By tuning the strength, phase and frequency of the two microwave driving fields, we simulate the quantum dynamics from weak to extremely strong driving regime. The resulting evolutions gradually deviate from the normal sinusoidal Rabi oscillations with increasing driving strength, in accordance with the predictions of the general semi-classical Rabi model far beyond the weak driving limit. Our scheme provides an effective approach to investigate the extremely strong interaction between a two-level system and a classical light field. Such strong interactions are usually inaccessible in experiments.