Unforgeable Quantum Encryption
Gorjan Alagic, Tommaso Gagliardoni, Christian Majenz

TL;DR
This paper introduces new definitions and constructions for secure quantum encryption that prevent forgery and authenticate quantum data, overcoming classical limitations like no-cloning, and establishing a foundation for quantum cryptographic security.
Contribution
It develops novel quantum security notions, uses entanglement to detect cheating, and constructs schemes satisfying these new security definitions, including a new approach to quantum authentication.
Findings
Quantum encryption schemes achieve ciphertext unforgeability.
New quantum security notions imply classical security properties.
Constructed schemes satisfy multiple quantum security definitions.
Abstract
We study the problem of encrypting and authenticating quantum data in the presence of adversaries making adaptive chosen plaintext and chosen ciphertext queries. Classically, security games use string copying and comparison to detect adversarial cheating in such scenarios. Quantumly, this approach would violate no-cloning. We develop new techniques to overcome this problem: we use entanglement to detect cheating, and rely on recent results for characterizing quantum encryption schemes. We give definitions for (i.) ciphertext unforgeability , (ii.) indistinguishability under adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack, and (iii.) authenticated encryption. The restriction of each definition to the classical setting is at least as strong as the corresponding classical notion: (i) implies INT-CTXT, (ii) implies IND-CCA2, and (iii) implies AE. All of our new notions also imply QIND-CPA privacy.…
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Taxonomy
TopicsCryptography and Data Security · Cryptographic Implementations and Security · Quantum Information and Cryptography
