Isospin effect on baryon and charge fluctuations from the pNJL model

TL;DR

This paper investigates how isospin asymmetry influences baryon and charge fluctuation measures in heavy-ion collisions using a 3-flavor PNJL model, revealing significant isospin effects especially on net-charge susceptibilities.

Contribution

It introduces the impact of isospin corrections on fluctuation observables within the PNJL model, highlighting the importance of isospin effects on critical phenomena in QCD matter.

Findings

Isospin effects significantly alter net-charge fluctuation susceptibilities.

Scalar and vector isovector couplings cause splitting of quark phase transition boundaries.

Experimental data at lower energies could confirm these isospin effects.

Abstract

We have studied the possible isospin corrections on the skewness and kurtosis of net-baryon and net-charge fluctuations in the isospin asymmetric matter formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC-BES energies, based on a 3-flavor polyakov-looped Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. With typical scalar-isovector and vector-isovector couplings leading to the splitting of $u$ and $d$ quark chiral phase transition boundaries and critical points, we have observed dramatic isospin effects on the susceptibilities, especially those of net-charge fluctuations. Reliable experimental measurements at even lower collision energies are encouraged to confirm the observed isospin effects.