A new approach to Kaluza-Klein Theory

TL;DR

This paper presents a geometric reformulation of Kaluza-Klein theory that unifies gravity and electromagnetism through a higher-dimensional space-time, extending to models that could account for dark matter and energy.

Contribution

It introduces a new geometric framework for unifying fundamental forces and extends the theory to higher dimensions using multi-fiber bundles, offering potential explanations for dark phenomena.

Findings

Unified geometric description of gravity and electromagnetism.

Extension to higher dimensions with multi-fiber bundles.

Potential modeling of dark matter and energy effects.

Abstract

We propose in this paper a new approach to the Kaluza-Klein idea of a five dimensional space-time unifying gravitation and electromagnetism, and extension to higher-dimensional space-time. By considering a natural geometric definition of a matter fluid and abandoning the usual requirement of a Ricci-flat five dimensional space-time, we show that a unified geometrical frame can be set for gravitation and electromagnetism, giving, by projection on the classical 4-dimensional space-time, the known Einstein-Maxwell-Lorentz equations for charged fluids. Thus, although not introducing new physics, we get a very aesthetic presentation of classical physics in the spirit of general relativity. The usual physical concepts, such as mass, energy, charge, trajectory, Maxwell-Lorentz law, are shown to be only various aspects of the geometry, for example curvature, of space-time considered as a Lorentzian manifold; that is no physical objects are introduced in space-time, no laws are given, everything is only geometry. We then extend these ideas to more than 5 dimensions, by considering spacetime as a generalization of a $(S^1\times W)$-fiber bundle, that we named multi-fibers bundle, where $S^1$ is the circle and $W$ a compact manifold. We will use this geometric structure as a possible way to model or encode deviations from standard 4-dimensional General Relativity, or "dark" effects such as dark matter or energy.