Unobservable Potentials to Explain Single Photon and Electron Interference

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that single photon and electron interference can be explained without quantum superposition by using tensor form covariant quantization, attributing interference to scalar potentials, thus challenging the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics.

Contribution

It introduces a tensor form covariant quantization approach that explains interference phenomena without relying on quantum superposition states.

Findings

Interference explained without superposition

Scalar potentials cause interference effects

Quantum theory may be deterministic

Abstract

We show single photon and electron interferences can be calculated without quantum-superposition states by using tensor form (covariant quantization). From the analysis results, the scalar potential which correspond to an indefinite metric vector forms an oscillatory field and causes the interferences. The results clarify the concept of quantum-superposition states is not required for the description of the interference, which leads to an improved understanding of the uncertainty principle and resolution of paradox of reduction of the wave packet, elimination of infinite zero-point energy and derivation of spontaneous symmetry breaking. The results conclude Quantum theory is a kind of deterministic physics without "probabilistic interpretation".