Deformation and flow of amorphous solids: An updated review of mesoscale elastoplastic models

TL;DR

This review discusses mesoscale elastoplastic models for amorphous solids, highlighting their insights into deformation, flow, and critical phenomena like yielding and avalanches in disordered materials.

Contribution

It provides an updated comprehensive overview of mesoscale elastoplastic models, connecting physical insights with theoretical frameworks and related phenomena.

Findings

Elastoplastic models explain strain localization and creep.

Plastic events induce anisotropic stress redistribution.

Models reveal criticality and avalanche statistics at yielding.

Abstract

The deformation and flow of disordered solids, such as metallic glasses and concentrated emulsions, involves swift localized rearrangements of particles that induce a long-range deformation field. To describe these heterogeneous processes, elastoplastic models handle the material as a collection of 'mesoscopic' blocks alternating between an elastic behavior and plastic relaxation, when they are too loaded. Plastic relaxation events redistribute stresses in the system in a very anisotropic way. We review not only the physical insight provided by these models into practical issues such as strain localization, creep and steady-state rheology, but also the fundamental questions that they address with respect to criticality at the yielding point and the statistics of avalanches of plastic events. Furthermore, we discuss connections with concurrent mean-field approaches and with related problems such as the plasticity of crystals and the depinning of an elastic line.