High accuracy energy formulas for the attractive two-site Bose-Hubbard model

TL;DR

This paper derives highly accurate analytical formulas for the ground and first excited state energies of the attractive two-site Bose-Hubbard model using the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method, validated by numerical confirmation.

Contribution

It provides new approximate energy formulas for the model's states and analyzes their structure through Bethe equations, enhancing understanding of the system's spectral properties.

Findings

Formulas accurately predict ground and excited state energies across parameters

Approximate solutions for Bethe roots are effective and numerically confirmed

Fock space expansion of Bethe states enables expectation value calculations

Abstract

The attractive two-site Bose-Hubbard model is studied within the framework of the analytical solution obtained by the application of Quantum Inverse Scattering Method. The structure of the ground and excited states is analyzed in terms of solutions of Bethe equations, and an approximate solution for the Bethe roots are given. This yields approximate formulas for the ground state and for the first excited state energies. The obtained formulas work with remarkable precision for a wide range of parameters of the model, and confirmed numerically. An expansion of the Bethe state vectors into a Fock space is also provided for evaluation of expectation values, although this does not have the similar accuracy to the energies.