Black Holes and High Energy Physics: From Astrophysics to Large Extra Dimensions

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent advances in black hole observations and theories, exploring their implications for quantum gravity, extra dimensions, and experimental tests from astrophysics to particle accelerators.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of observational and theoretical developments in black hole physics, emphasizing large extra dimensions and experimental constraints.

Findings

Detection of gravitational waves from black hole mergers

Images of black hole shadows via radio interferometry

Constraints on extra dimensions from LHC experiments

Abstract

Up to now, Einstein's general theory of relativity has passed all experimental tests. But yet we know that it is not a fundamental theory and that it is incompatible with quantum theory. While several extended and improved gravitational theories on classical and quantum level are nowadays available, it is a great challenge to find experimental setups to check their signatures. We discuss recent developments in direct observation of black holes comprising gravitational waves from black hole mergers, radio interferometry images of black hole shadows, and Hawking radiation of black holes in particle accelerators. These investigations cover the full black hole mass range from microscopic to stellar and supermassive black holes. We comment on the associated strong-field tests of Einstein's general theory of relativity and implications for quantum gravity. Special emphasis lies upon the physics of large extra dimensions and black hole evaporation, the existence of a minimal black hole mass, and the cross sections of higher-dimensional black holes. We complete this short review with the latest experimental constraints at the Large Hadron Collider.