Temperature-stabilized differential amplifer for low-noise DC measurements
P. M\"arki, B. A. Braem, T. Ihn
TL;DR
This paper presents a low-noise differential amplifier with thermal stabilization, achieving ultra-low voltage drift, input leakage, and noise levels suitable for sensitive quantum device measurements at cryogenic temperatures.
Contribution
The design introduces thermal stabilization techniques to significantly reduce drift and noise in differential amplifiers for low-noise DC measurements.
Findings
Voltage noise and current noise are extraordinarily low.
Input leakage current is below 100 fA.
Input resistance exceeds 1 TΩ.
Abstract
A tabletop low-noise differential amplifer with a bandwidth of 100 kHz is presented. Low voltage drifts of the order of 100 nV/day are reached by thermally stabilizing relevant amplifer components. The input leakage current is below 100 fA. Input-stage errors are reduced by extensive circuitry. Voltage noise, current noise, input capacitance and input current are extraordinarily low. The input resistance is larger than 1 TOhm. The amplifers were tested with and deployed for electrical transport measurements of quantum devices at cryogenic temperatures.
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