Correlated Signatures of Gravitational-Wave and Neutrino Emission in Three-Dimensional General-Relativistic Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations

TL;DR

This study uses 3D general-relativistic simulations to analyze correlated neutrino and gravitational-wave signals from core-collapse supernovae, highlighting how SASI activity influences these signals and could serve as a new observational signature.

Contribution

It demonstrates the correlation between neutrino and GW signals modulated by SASI activity in 3D supernova simulations, considering different progenitors and nuclear equations of state.

Findings

SASI activity causes characteristic modulations in neutrino and GW signals.

Correlation between neutrino and GW signals peaks when accounting for time-delay effects.

Higher progenitor compactness and softer EOS enhance SASI activity.

Abstract

We present results from general-relativistic (GR) three-dimensional (3D) core-collapse simulations with approximate neutrino transport for three non-rotating progenitors (11.2, 15, and 40 Msun) using different nuclear equations of state (EOSs). We find that the combination of progenitor's higher compactness at bounce and the use of softer EOS leads to stronger activity of the standing accretion shock instability (SASI). We confirm previous predications that the SASI produces characteristic time modulations both in neutrino and gravitational-wave (GW) signals. By performing a correlation analysis of the SASI-modulated neutrino and GW signals, we find that the correlation becomes highest when we take into account the time-delay effect due to the advection of material from the neutrino sphere to the proto-neutron star core surface. Our results suggest that the correlation of the neutrino and GW signals, if detected, would provide a new signature of the vigorous SASI activity in the supernova core, which can be hardly seen if neutrino-convection dominates over the SASI.