The FoCal prototype - an extremely fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter using CMOS pixel sensors
A.P. de Haas, G. Nooren, T. Peitzmann, M. Reicher, E. Rocco, D., Roehrich, K. Ullaland, A. van den Brink, M. van Leeuwen, H. Wang, S. Yang, C., Zhang

TL;DR
The paper presents a prototype of an extremely fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter using CMOS pixel sensors, enabling digital calorimetry by counting pixels, with detailed shower shape analysis and promising resolution results.
Contribution
It introduces a novel Si-W EM calorimeter prototype with 30 μm pixels for digital calorimetry, including construction, tuning, and validation through beam tests and simulations.
Findings
Detailed electron shower shapes observed
Energy and position resolution characterized
Prototype demonstrates feasibility of pixel-counting calorimetry
Abstract
A prototype of a Si-W EM calorimeter was built with Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors as the active elements. With a pixelsize of 30 m it allows digital calorimetry, i.e. the particles' energy is determined by counting pixels, not by measuring the energy deposited. Although of modest size, with a width of only four Moliere radii, it has 39 million pixels. We describe the construction and tuning of the prototype and present results from beam tests and compare them with predictions of GEANT-based Monte Carlo simulations. We show the shape of showers caused by electrons in unprecedented detail. Results for energy and position resolution will also be given.
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