Constructing the scattering matrix for optical microcavities as a nonlocal boundary value problem

TL;DR

This paper presents a numerical scheme to construct the scattering matrix for optical microcavities, effectively handling nonlocal boundary conditions and non-Hermitian symmetries, improving upon traditional methods.

Contribution

The authors introduce a novel numerical approach that explicitly incorporates nonlocal boundary conditions for optical microcavities, addressing discontinuities and connecting with non-Hermitian Hamiltonian frameworks.

Findings

Eigenvalues and poles of the S matrix agree with other methods.

The scheme effectively handles non-Hermitian symmetries.

It resolves discontinuities in the normal derivative in traditional methods.

Abstract

We develop a numerical scheme to construct the scattering ($S$) matrix for optical microcavities, including the special cases with parity-time and other non-Hermitian symmetries. This scheme incorporates the explicit form of a nonlocal boundary condition, with the incident light represented by an inhomogeneous term. This approach resolves the artifact of a discontinuous normal derivative typically found in the $\cal R$-matrix method. In addition, we show that by excluding the aforementioned inhomogeneous term, the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian in our approach also determines the Periels-Kapur states, and it constitutes an alternative approach to derive the standard $\cal R$-matrix result in this basis. Therefore, our scheme provides a convenient framework to explore the benefits of both approaches. We illustrate this boundary value problem using one-dimensional and two-dimensional scalar Helmholtz equations. The eigenvalues and poles of the $S$ matrix calculated using our approach show good agreement with results obtained by other means.