Multi-component plasmons in monolayer MoS$_2$ with circularly polarized optical pumping

TL;DR

This paper explores multiple plasmon modes in monolayer MoS$_2$ with circularly polarized light, revealing new collective excitations, their dispersion, and damping characteristics in a multi-component charge carrier system.

Contribution

It identifies and characterizes multiple distinct plasmon modes in monolayer MoS$_2$, including new acoustic modes and their phase relations, under optical pumping and gating.

Findings

Long-wavelength $ oot{q}$ plasmon mode exists at zero Kelvin.

$n-1$ acoustic plasmon modes appear in an $n$-component system.

New damped modes are identified at large wave vectors.

Abstract

By making use of circularly polarized light and electrostatic gating, monolayer molybdenum disulfide (ML-MoS$_2$) can form a platform supporting multiple types of charge carriers. They can be discriminated by their spin, valley index or whether they're electrons or holes. We investigate the collective properties of those charge carriers and are able to identify new distinct plasmon modes. We analyze the corresponding dispersion relation, lifetime and oscillator strength, and calculate the phase relation between the oscillations in the different components of the plasmon modes. All platforms in ML-MoS$_2$ support a long-wavelength $\sqrt{q}$ plasmon branch at zero Kelvin. In addition to this, for an $n$-component system, $n-1$ distinct plasmon modes appear as acoustic modes with linear dispersion in the long-wavelength limit. These modes correspond to out-of-phase oscillations in the different Fermion liquids and have, although being damped, a relatively long lifetime. Additionally, we also find new distinct modes at large wave vector that are stronger damped by intra-band processes.