Discovery of VHE Gamma-Ray Emission from the Binary System LMC P3

TL;DR

This paper reports the first detection of TeV gamma-ray emission from the extragalactic binary system LMC P3, demonstrating orbital modulation and providing insights into high-energy processes in such systems.

Contribution

The study presents the first TeV gamma-ray detection of LMC P3 and confirms its emission variability correlated with the orbital period.

Findings

TeV gamma-ray emission detected at 6.4 sigma significance.

Emission variability phase-locked to the orbital period.

Measured luminosity in the 1-10 TeV range.

Abstract

Recently, the $\gamma$-ray emission at MeV and GeV energies from the object LMC P3 in the Large Magellanic Cloud has been discovered to be modulated with a 10.3-days period, making it the first extra-galactic $\gamma$-ray binary. This work aims at the detection of TeV $\gamma$-ray and the search for modulation of the signal with the orbital period of the binary system. The H.E.S.S. data set has been folded with the known orbital period of the system in order to test for variability of the emission. Energy spectra are obtained for the orbit-averaged data set and for orbital phases in which the TeV flux is found at its maximum. TeV $\gamma$-ray emission is detected with a statistical significance of 6.4\,$\sigma$. The data clearly show variability which is phase-locked to the orbital period of the system. Periodicity cannot be deduced from the H.E.S.S. data set alone. The orbit-averaged luminosity in the 1-10 TeV energy range is $(1.4 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{35}\,\mathrm{erg\,s}^{-1}$. A luminosity of $(5 \pm 1) \times 10^{35}\,\mathrm{erg\,s}^{-1}$ is reached during 20% of the orbit, when the MeV/GeV emission is at its minimum.