Fractional powers of the parabolic Hermite operator. Regularity properties

TL;DR

This paper studies fractional powers of the parabolic Hermite operator, establishing regularity properties and pointwise descriptions of associated function spaces, extending classical results to a non-convolution setting.

Contribution

It introduces Parabolic Hermite-Zygmund spaces and proves regularity results for fractional powers of the Hermite operator, using semigroup methods in a non-convolution context.

Findings

Spaces have pointwise H"older-type descriptions.

Fractional powers map between these spaces with controlled norms.

Results extend classical regularity theory to non-convolution operators.

Abstract

Let $\mathcal{L}= \partial_t- \Delta_x+|x|^2$. Consider its Poisson semigroup $e^{-y\sqrt{\mathcal{L}}}$. For $\alpha >0$ define the Parabolic Hermite-Zygmund spaces $$ \Lambda^\alpha_{\mathcal{L}}=\left\{f: \:f\in L^\infty(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})\:\; {\rm and} \:\; \left\|\partial_y^k e^{-y\sqrt{\mathcal{L}}} f \right\|_{L^\infty(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})}\leq C_k y^{-k+\alpha},\;\: {\rm with }\, k=[\alpha]+1, y>0. \right\}, $$ with the obvious norm. It is shown that these spaces have a pointwise description of H\"older type. The fractional powers $\mathcal{L}^{\pm \beta}$ are well defined in these spaces and the following regularity properties are proved: \begin{eqnarray*} \alpha, \beta >0, \quad \|\mathcal{L}^{-\beta} f\|_{ \Lambda^{\alpha+2\beta}_{\mathcal{L}}}\le C \|f\|_{ \Lambda^\alpha_{\mathcal{L}}}. \end{eqnarray*} \begin{eqnarray*} 0< 2\beta < \alpha, \quad \|\mathcal{L}^\beta f\|_{\Lambda_{\mathcal{L}}^{\alpha-2\beta}}\le C \|f\|_{\Lambda^\alpha_{\mathcal{L}}}. \end{eqnarray*} Parallel results are obtained for the Hermite operator $- \Delta +|x|^2.$ The proofs use in a fundamental way the semigroup definition of the operators $\mathcal{L}^{\pm \beta}$ and $(-\Delta+|x|^2)^{\pm \beta}$. The non-convolution structure of the operators produce an extra difficulty of the arguments.