Cs nDJ Rydberg-atom macrodimers formed by long-range multipole interaction

TL;DR

This study investigates cesium Rydberg-atom macrodimers formed by long-range multipole interactions, combining experimental photo-association and theoretical calculations to analyze their properties and lifetimes around 6 microseconds.

Contribution

It presents the first experimental observation and detailed analysis of cesium Rydberg-atom macrodimers formed via long-range multipole interactions, supported by theoretical potential calculations.

Findings

Successfully prepared cesium Rydberg-atom macrodimers using two-color photo-association.

Measured molecular lifetimes of approximately 6 microseconds.

Compared experimental spectra with theoretical adiabatic molecular potentials.

Abstract

Long-range macrodimers formed by D-state cesium Rydberg atoms are studied in experiments and in calculations. Cesium 62DJ-62DJ Rydberg-atom macrodimers, bonded via long-range multipole interaction, are prepared by two-color photo-association in a cesium atom trap. The first color (pulse A) resonantly excites seed Rydberg atoms, while the second (pulse B, detuned by the molecular binding energy) resonantly excites the Rydberg-atom macrodimer states below the 62DJ pair asymptotes. The Rydberg-atom molecules are measured by extraction of auto-ionization products and Rydberg-atom electric-field ionization, and ion detection. Molecular spectra are compared with calculations of adiabatic molecular potentials. The lifetime of the molecules is obtained from exponential fits to the dependence of the molecular signal on the detection delay time; lifetimes of about 6 us are found.