Modeling of hysteresis loop and its applications in ferroelectric materials

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel model for ferroelectric hysteresis loops that integrates electric field, temperature, and stress, accurately reflecting experimental results and enabling calculations of energy efficiency and electrocaloric effects.

Contribution

The paper presents a new comprehensive model that captures the shape of hysteresis loops in ferroelectric materials considering multiple variables, with applications in energy and thermal effects.

Findings

Model accurately reproduces polarization versus electric field and temperature.

The model enables calculation of energy storage efficiency.

It provides insights into the electrocaloric effect and polarization functions.

Abstract

In order to understand the physical hysteresis loops clearly, we constructed a novel model, which is combined with the electric field, the temperature, and the stress as one synthetically parameter. This model revealed the shape of hysteresis loop was determined by few variables in ferroelectric materials: the saturation of polarization, the coercive field, the electric susceptibility and the equivalent field. Comparison with experimental results revealed the model can retrace polarization versus electric field and temperature. As a applications of this model, the calculate formula of energy storage efficiency, the electrocaloric effect, and the P(E,T) function have also been included in this article.