QCD monopoles, abelian projections and gauge invariance

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that monopole creation in QCD is a gauge-invariant topological phenomenon, independent of abelian projections, which is crucial for defining an order parameter for dual superconductivity of the QCD vacuum.

Contribution

It establishes the gauge invariance of monopole creation in QCD, providing a fundamental basis for dual superconductivity studies.

Findings

Monopole creation is gauge invariant and topologically defined.

Monopole creation is independent of abelian projection.

Supports the use of monopoles as order parameters in QCD vacuum studies.

Abstract

It is shown that the creation of a monopole is a gauge invariant statement, based on topology. Creating a monopole is independent on the abelian projection in which it is created. This is fundamental in defining an order parameter for detecting dual superconductivity of the QCD vacuum.