A blueprint for fault-tolerant quantum computation with Rydberg atoms

TL;DR

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant quantum computing scheme using Rydberg atoms and surface codes, highlighting the potential and challenges of implementing scalable quantum computers with this platform.

Contribution

It introduces a novel blueprint for fault-tolerant quantum computation with Rydberg atoms, including error correction protocols and error threshold analysis.

Findings

Error correction simulations estimate the error threshold.

Rydberg atoms show promise for scalable quantum computing.

Gate fidelities need improvement for fault tolerance.

Abstract

We present a blueprint for building a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer with Rydberg atoms. Our scheme, which is based on the surface code, uses individually-addressable optically-trapped atoms as qubits and exploits electromagnetically induced transparency to perform the multi-qubit gates required for error correction and computation. We discuss the advantages and challenges of using Rydberg atoms to build such a quantum computer, and we perform error correction simulations to obtain an error threshold for our scheme. Our findings suggest that Rydberg atoms are a promising candidate for quantum computation, but gate fidelities need to improve before fault-tolerant universal quantum computation can be achieved.