Accelerated Expansion of the Universe based on Emergence of Space and Thermodynamics of the Horizon
Fei-Quan Tu, Yi-Xin Chen, Bin Sun, You-Chang Yang

TL;DR
This paper derives cosmological evolution equations from thermodynamic principles and the emergence of space, showing that these solutions encompass those of standard general relativity, thus providing a more general thermodynamic framework for universe evolution.
Contribution
It introduces a thermodynamic derivation of the universe's evolution equations based on the emergence of space and horizon thermodynamics, extending standard GR solutions.
Findings
Derived Friedmann acceleration equation from thermodynamics
Obtained universe evolution solutions including standard GR results
Proposed a more general thermodynamic description of cosmic evolution
Abstract
Researches in the several decades have shown that the dynamics of gravity is closely related to thermodynamics of the horizon. In this paper, we derive the Friedmann acceleration equation based on the idea of "emergence of space" and thermodynamics of the Hubble horizon whose temperature is obtained from the unified first law of thermodynamics. Then we derive another evolution equation of the universe based on the energy balance relation . Combining the two evolution equations and the equation of state of the cosmic matter, we obtain the evolution solutions of the FRW universe. We find that the solutions obtained by us include the solutions obtained in the standard general relativity(GR) theory. Therefore, it is more general to describe the evolution of the universe in the thermodynamic way.
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