From anti-perovskite to double anti-perovskite: lattice chemistry basis for super-fast transportation of Li+ ions in cubic solid lithium halogen-chalcogenides

TL;DR

This study uses density functional theory to design and identify new anti-perovskite based electrolytes with enhanced Li+ ion transport properties, including a novel double-anti-perovskite phase with low diffusion barriers.

Contribution

It introduces a materials genome approach to optimize lattice chemistry in anti-perovskites, leading to the discovery of a new double-anti-perovskite phase for fast lithium ion conduction.

Findings

Identified lattice modifications that reduce Li+ diffusion barriers.

Discovered a new phase, Li6OSI2, with low activation energy for ion transport.

Proposed a stable electrolyte candidate with wide electronic band gap.

Abstract

Using a materials genome approach on the basis of the density functional theory, we have formulated a new class of inorganic electrolytes for fast diffusion of Li+ ions, through fine-tuning of lattice chemistry of anti-perovskite structures. Systematic modelling has been carried out to elaborate the structural stability and ion transportation characteristics in Li3AX based cubic anti-perovskite, through alloying on the chalcogen lattice site (A) and alternative occupancy of the halogen site (X). In addition to identifying effective ways for reduction of diffusion barriers for Li+ ions in anti-perovskite phases via suitable designation of lattice occupancy, the current theoretical study leads to discovery and synthesis of a new phase with a double-anti-perovskite structure, Li6OSI2 (or Li3O0.5S0.5I). Such a new compound is of fairly low activation barrier for Li+ diffusion, together with a wide energy band gap to hinder conduction of electrons.