Bandwidth broadening of X-ray free electron laser with the natural gradient of planar undulator

TL;DR

This paper explores how the natural gradient of a planar undulator can be utilized to generate large bandwidth X-ray free-electron laser pulses, exceeding 5%, through theoretical and simulation methods.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach using the natural gradient of planar undulators combined with transversely tilted beams to broaden X-ray FEL bandwidth.

Findings

Bandwidth exceeding 5% achieved in simulations

Transversely tilted beams enable bandwidth broadening

Theoretical predictions support experimental feasibility

Abstract

Besides the target to pursue the narrow bandwidth X-ray pulses, the large bandwidth free-electron laser pulses are also strongly demanded to satisfy a wide range of scientific user experiments. In this paper, using the transversely tilt beam enabled by deflecting cavity and/or corrugated structure, the potential of large bandwidth X-ray free-electron lasers generation with the natural gradient of the planar undulator are discussed. Theoretical predictions and numerical simulations demonstrated that X-ray bandwidth exceeding 5% can be observed with the optimized free-electron laser parameters.