Parity doubling of baryons in a chiral approach with three flavors

TL;DR

This paper develops a chiral symmetry-based framework to relate baryon masses, including parity partners, and compares thermal mass predictions with lattice QCD results, providing insights into baryon parity doubling.

Contribution

It introduces a set of mass relations for baryons with positive and negative parity based on chiral symmetry, consistent with known formulas and lattice data.

Findings

Gell-Mann--Okubo and equal spacing rules hold in this approach

Thermal masses of baryons match qualitative trends in lattice data

Mass modifications for strange baryons are predicted at various pion masses

Abstract

We formulate a set of mass relations for the baryon octet and decuplet with positive and negative parity in terms of the order parameter of QCD chiral symmetry. The Gell-Mann--Okubo mass formula and Gell-Mann's equal spacing rule hold manifestly in this approach. Thermal masses of the baryons are calculated in the mean field approximation for various pion masses, and the results are compared with the recent lattice studies. A general trend of the nucleon, $\Delta$ and $\Omega$ parity-doublers seen in the available lattice data can be understood qualitatively. Expected mass modifications of other strange baryons are also given with the physical and heavier pion masses.